Ideas for Teaching Rounding to Young Learners
1. Use a number line. If you are rounding 44, make a number line that begins with 40 and ends with 50. Put a red line on the number that is halfway between 40 and 50. Circle 44. Which side of the line is on? Is it closer to 40 or 50? Circle the answer. Have students practice and practice until they can do the steps mentally.
2. Make
a number line on the floor using masking tape and have students use their
bodies. Have them stand on the number
line where their number fits. Then
decide which ten it is closer to.
3. Make
“rounding mountains”. Draw number lines
that are shaped like mountains with 5 at the peak, 0 at the bottom on the left,
and 10 on the bottom at the right.
Students think of a train trying to cross the mountain. If it makes it to the top, it will coast down
the other side. If it doesn’t make it to
the top, it will slip back down to where it began.
4. Use place value blocks. Give
students tens strips and one cubes. Have
them show the number 44 using 4 ten strips and 4 ones cubes. Then tell them that ones are no longer
allowed and they need to show the number using only ten strips. Would they be closer to the actual number if
they used 4 ten strips or 5 ten strips.
Do this repeatedly and help them to see that when they have 4 or fewer
ones, they stick with the number of ten strips they are already
displaying. When they have five or more
ones, they need to trade them in for another ten strip.
5. Use the picture book Coyotes All Around by Stuart J. Murphy to help students understand
why rounding and estimating is helpful.
6. One thing that has really worked for me is
using the “Strong Man” of rounding and the “Wimpy Guy”. I created these characters to help my
students decide whether the digit in the place being rounded to stays the same
or gets pushed up to the next number.
After they have spent some time with number lines and are pretty good at
using them to round, it is time to switch over to doing the steps in your
head. I have students underline the
digit in the tens place if they are rounding to the nearest ten. They then look at the digit behind it to see
if it is a “Strong Man” number-5,6,7,8,9 or a “Wimpy Guy”
number-0,1,2,3,4. A strong man number
will push the digit up to the next number.
A wimpy guy number isn’t strong enough to do that and the number will
stay the same.
I have created two power
points and set of printables that provide lots of practice with the “Strong Man”
and the “Wimpy Guy”. They are available
here:
Rounding is a skill that takes a lot of practice to develop proficiency. I have found that my kiddos master rounding to the nearest ten and are doing great, then when I introduce rounding to the nearest hundred, I have mass confusion! Lots of practice is the cure for this malady. Once I have finished the rounding unit, I do not leave rounding behind. I have my students round numbers to the nearest ten and hundred almost every day. They soon become masters of rounding!
Happy Teaching!
